Mechanism of colon cancer cell apoptosis induced by telocinobufagin: role of oxidative stress and apoptosis pathway / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of telocinobufagin on viability and apoptosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and explore the mechanism of telocinobufagin-induced apoptosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MTT assay was performed to detect the viability of CRC cells exposed to telocinobufagin. Nuclear staining with Hoechst 33342 and flow cytometry were used to analyze the cell death of CRC cells. Expressions of proteins related with cell apoptosis and oxidative stress were determined with Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Telocinobufagin decreased the viability of CRC cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The presence of karyopycnosis and apoptotic bodies together with the results of flow cytometry suggested that telocinobufagin induced cell apoptosis to cause cell death. Western blotting showed that telocinobufagin exposure of the cells resulted in upregulated p53 and Bax protein expressions and promoted cleavage of caspase 9 and PARP. Telocinobufagin induced phosphorylation of Bad and PARP cleavage, and suppressed phosphorylation of IKBα and TAK1 and expression of survivin in the cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Telocinobufagin can decrease the viability of CRC cells by inducing cell apoptosis, which involves p53-mediated Bax activation and inhibition of the IAP pathway.</p>

The clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of 103 cases / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of the patients with gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of 103 gastric MALT lymphoma patients admitted to our hospital from April 2001 to August 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The onset of gastric MALT lymphoma was often insidious without specific clinical manifestation, the most common complaints were abdominal pain or discomfort, weight loss, poor appetite, nausea and vomiting. According to Musshoff staging system, 75(72.8%) patients were at early stages (I/II) and 28 (27.2%) patients at advanced stages (III/IV). There was no significant difference in five-year overall survival (OS) between the patients in surgery group and non-surgery group (60.4% vs 78.9%, respectively, P = 0072), while there was statistical difference in five-year progression-free survival (PFS) between the two groups (31.7% vs 52.8%, respectively, P = 0.023). Helicobacter pylori (Hp) was detected in 94 patients (91.2%). Anti-Hp treatment was effective with 100% overall response rate. In 94 patients with complete follow-up data, the 5-year OS rate was 75%, 5-year PFS rate was 46%. Univariate survival analysis showed that the B symptoms, Musshoff staging, performance staging, stage-modified IPI, levels of LDH, nodal involvement and levels of β(2)-microglobulin were correlated with OS and PFS (P < 0.05). The Cox regression analysis showed that Musshoff-III/IV stage, stage-modified IPI score > 2 and B symptoms were independent factor for OS (P < 0.05), whereas Musshoff-III/IV stage was independent factor for PFS (P = 0.027).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The gastric MALT lymphoma had a favorable outcome with high OS rate. The anti-Hp therapy was an effective treatment for the gastric MALT lymphoma, which avoid the surgical trauma and improve the quality of life. The prognostic analysis showed that Musshoff staging, B symptoms or stage-modified IPI score were independent factors for OS and Musshoff staging was also an independent factor for PFS.</p>

Immune tolerance induced by human Stro-1 positive mesenchymal stem cells in mouse skin graft / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to evaluate whether human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and the Stro-1 positive subgroup have inducing immune tolerance effect in mouse skin graft model. Human MSC were isolated and cultured from bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells of healthy adults, and Stro-1 positive cells were sorted out. Female C57BL/6 mice and female BALB/c mice were respectively used as donors and recipients in skin allogenic graft model. The recipients were divided randomly into 4 groups: (1) Stro-1(+) MSC group: 2×10(6) Stro-1(+) MSC were injected into the irradiated recipient mice before skin graft. (2) MSC group: 2×10(6) MSC were injected into the irradiated recipient mice before skin graft. (3) Irradiation control group: the recipient mice were just irradiated before skin allogenic graft. (4) Congenic control group: the irradiated BALB/c mice received the skin from the congenic mice. The survival time and pathologic changes of skin grafts were observed by macro- and microscopy with HE staining. The transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) concentration in plasma of recipient mice was measured by ELISA before and after grafting. The results indicated that the survival time of skin grafts in the MSC group was (12.13 ± 3.34) d, which was not notably longer than the irradiation control group (11.38 ± 1.01) d. The survival time of skin grafts was significantly prolonged in the Stro-1(+) MSC group (30.68 ± 5.89) d, as compared with the irradiation control group and the MSC group, respectively; the pathologic examination of skin grafts showed a clear structure. After grafting, the TGF-β1 concentration in plasma of recipient mice was almost the same as before grafting in the irradiation control group and the congenic control group, but it significantly increased in the MSC group and the Stro-1(+) MSC group. It is concluded that the Stro-1(+) MSC induce greater immune tolerance than the unsorted MSC, and significantly prolong the survival time of skin grafts in vivo, while TGF-β1 does not contribute to the immune tolerance.

The new technology of enhanced radiofrequency ablation is safe and effective for treating giant hepatic hemangioma / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the safety and efficacy of the enhanced radiofrequency ablation (RFA) new technology for treatment of giant hepatic hemangiomas.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From August 2010 to September 2011, 30 patients with giant hepatic hemangiomas (average diameter: 7.7+/-1.9 cm, range: 5.0 to 12.8 cm) were treated with enhanced RFA. The original lesion diameter, enhanced radiofrequency duration, and cases of RFA-induced burning were recorded. Cases requiring a second RFA treatment were also recorded. Correlation analysis was carried out to determine the association of enhanced RFA with adverse events and change in lesion diameter.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rate of completely destroyed lesions by enhanced RFA was 70.96%, and the total rate of reduced lesions was 87.1%. No severe adverse events occurred. The duration of enhanced radiofrequency correlated positively with the original lesion diameter (r=0.687, P less than 0.01). The enhanced RFA treatment significantly reduced the average lesion diameter (follow-up: 6.2+/-1.8 cm; t=6.417, P less than 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The new minimally-invasive technology of enhanced radiofrequency ablation is effective and safe for treating giant hepatic hemangiomas and produces an obvious, short-term curative effect.</p>

Experimental study of relationship of bile composition imbalance with bile duct injury / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the change of bile composition and its role in bile duct injury after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: group A (sham surgery), group B (OLT with 1 h cold preservation), group C (OLT with 12 h cold preservation). The arterialized rat liver transplantation model with biliary extra-drainage was used in group B and C. Animals were sacrificed at posttransplant 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 14 day. Routine bile chemistry and pathological assays were performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cold preservation/reperfusion injury (CPRI) could repress the secretion of bile salts and phospholipid. However, in contrast with a rapid increase of bile salt secretion, the biliary secretion of phospholipid recovered more slowly, leading to an abnormal high bile salts/phospholipid ratio early after transplantation. Further analysis suggested that the secretion of bile salts correlated strongly with biochemical and histopathological signs of bile duct injury.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CPRI can lead to great changes of graft bile composition, which plays a role in the pathogenesis of bile duct injury following liver transplantation.</p>

The influence of cold preservation on the microcirculation of intrahepatic bile duct after liver transplantation / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the influence of cold preservation on intrahepatic biliary microcirculation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into 3 groups:cold preserve 1 h group (CP 1 h group), cold preserve 24 h group (CP 24 h group) and sham operation group (SO group). Five time points were determined as 0 h, 1 h, 6 h, 24 h and 72 h postoperation. Morphology was observed under light microscope. Dark microspheres were injected into hepatic artery and the number of microspheres in liver portal areas was measured under light microscope. The expressions of eNOS, ET-1 and ICAM-1 in microvascular endothelial cells of hepatic portal area were measured by immunofluorescence double staining technique and in situ hybridization histochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The histological changes of intrahepatic bile duct were more severe in CP 24 h group than in CP 1 h group. The number of microspheres in implanted liver portal areas was increased significantly in CP 24 h group than in CP 1 h group at the same time point. Compared with CP 1 h group, the expression of eNOS in CP 24 h group significantly reduced after liver transplantation, while the expressions of ET-1 and ICAM-1 in CP 24 h group were significantly increased after liver transplantation. The changes of their mRNA expressions were the approximately same as well as their proteins expressions.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Cold preservation brings obvious changes of intrahepatic biliary microcirculation and function of vascular endothelial cell after liver transplantation. The obstruction of microcirculation might play an important role in the reperfusion injury after cold preserve of intrahepatic biliary during liver transplantation.</p>

Effect of cold preservation and reperfusion injury on early-stage bile salt secretion after liver transplantation in rat model / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of cold preservation and reperfusion injury (CPRI) on the bile salt spectrum in rat orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A special analysis method was established to investigate the bile salts in rat by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: group A (control group, n = 6), group B (group with 1 h graft preservation pre-OLT, n = 6) and group C (group with 12 h graft preservation pre-OLT, n = 6). The bile samples of 0 - 14 post-transplantation days were analyzed by RP-HPLC.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eleven kinds of bile salts were detected in rat bile. It showed that CPRI could influence the concentration of bile salts significantly in rat model after OLT, the concentration of hydrophobic bile salts (TCA and TCDCA) increased significantly in group B and C. However, the concentration of hydrophilic bile salts (TUDCA and THDCA) just increased in a short-time. The hydrophobicity index (HI) wasn't significantly changed during the first 4 post-transplant days. Thus the HI of bile salts elevated gradually from the 5th day and reached the peak at the 10th day after OLT.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The increase of the proportion of hydrophobic bile salts may be one of the major factors leading to the increase of bile toxicity after OLT.</p>

Necrosis and apoptosis induced by brucea javanica oil emulsion in bladder cancer cell / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To study the effcet of necrosis and apoptosis induced by Brucea javanica oil emulsion on bladder cancer BIU-87 cells. MethodsBrucea javanica oil emulsion of different concentration was added to the bladder cancer BIU-87 cell cultured in vitro. The ratio of apoptosis/necrosis cells and mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP) were detected with flow cytometer. The dissipation of cytochrome C was observed with confocal microscopy. ResultsHigh concentration brucea javanica oil emulsion reduced MMP which led cell necrosis, while that of low concentration diffused the cytochrome C from mitochondria to cytoplasm which induced cell apoptosis. ConclusionHigh concentration brucea javanica oil emulsion mainly causes BIU-87 cells to necrosis, low concentration induces cell to apoptosis.